What is thrombophlebitis?

Thrombophlebitis is a condition where inflammation causes a blood clot to form in a vein. It usually occurs in veins near the surface of the body, usually in the leg, pelvis, or arm. Often it develops in varicose veins. Varicose veins are veins close to the surface that are swollen, twisted, or stretched.

How does it occur?

Thrombophlebitis occurs when irritation of a vein causes blood flow to slow down or stop, causing a clot to form in the vein. Thrombophlebitis can occur after minor injury to a vein, for example, after a bruise or after you have had an IV (medicine or fluid given through a vein). It can also occur after excessive exercise.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms of thrombophlebitis may include:

• tender cordlike vein that is very sensitive to pressure

• redness and warmth in the area around the vein

• swelling in the area around the vein.

How is it diagnosed?

Your health care provider will ask about your symptoms and examine you. He or she will be able to determine if you have thrombophlebitis from the physical exam. In some cases you may have special ultrasound or x-ray studies to check for clots in deeper veins.

How is it treated?

Your treatment may include:

• taking an anti-inflammatory drug

• staying in bed while you have pain and swelling, typically for 1 week; standing and sitting should be brief

• putting warm, wet compresses on the inflamed area (be careful to avoid burns)

• elevating the affected area above the level of your heart when you are in bed.

How long will the effects last?

With proper treatment, thrombophlebitis usually lasts 1 to 2 weeks.

How can I take care of myself?

• Follow your health care provider's instructions.

• Ask if you may exercise in bed and how soon you may start taking daily walks.

• If you have varicose veins, your health care provider may recommend that you wear elastic stockings on an ongoing basis.

How can I help prevent thrombophlebitis?

Because thrombophlebitis usually results from injury, it is hard to prevent.