What is mediastinoscopy?

Mediastinoscopy is a procedure in which the doctor takes a sample of tissue from the area between your lungs and above your heart. The tissue is then analyzed.

When is it used?

A mediastinoscopy is done when there is a problem in the tissue between your lungs and above your heart. The tissue may have grown too big, it may have gotten too thick, or it may be cancerous.

Examples of alternatives include:

• to have a CT (computerized tomography) scan

• to choose not to have treatment, recognizing the risks of your condition.

You should ask your doctor about these choices.

How do I prepare for a mediastinoscopy?

Plan for your care and recovery after the operation.

Follow any instructions your doctor may give you. Eat a light meal, such as soup or salad, the night before the procedure. Do not eat or drink anything after midnight and the morning before the procedure. Do not even drink coffee, tea, or water.

What happens during the procedure?

A general anesthetic is given. It will relax your muscles and make you feel as if you're in a deep sleep. It will prevent you from feeling pain during the operation.

The doctor makes a small cut in the lower part of your neck just above the sternum (the bone down the middle of the chest) and puts a tube into your chest. The doctor can look through this tube to see inside your chest. The doctor locates the lymph nodes and removes a piece of them.

What happens after the procedure?

You may stay in the hospital for at least one day. The doctor will tell you if further treatment is necessary.

Ask your doctor what other steps you should take and when you should come back for a checkup.

What are the benefits of this procedure?

It will help the doctor make a more accurate diagnosis.

What are the risks associated with this procedure?

• There are some risks when you have general anesthesia. Discuss these risks with your doctor.

• The veins and/or arteries in the area could be damaged.

• Your lung(s) could collapse and need reinflating.

• There is a risk of infection and/or bleeding.

You should ask your doctor how these risks apply to you.

When should I call the doctor?

Call the doctor immediately if:

• You develop a fever.

• You develop redness, swelling, pain, or drainage from your incision.

• You become short of breath.

• You develop uncontrollable chest pain.

Call the doctor during office hours if:

• You have questions about the procedure or its result.

• You want to make another appointment.