What is a lymphangiogram?

Lymph is a clear, yellowish fluid containing white blood cells, fats, proteins, and other substances. White blood cells help fight infection. Lymph travels through a series of vessels, lymph nodes (oval-shaped organs throughout the body), and other organs known as the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system helps recycle body fluids, produce some white blood cells, and carries nutrients around the body.

A lymphangiogram is a procedure in which the doctor injects an iodine solution into a lymph vessel. The solution outlines the lymph nodes and vessels so they will become visible on an x-ray.

Examples of alternatives are:

• to have a CT scan or other tests

• to choose not to have treatment, recognizing the risks of your condition.

You should ask your doctor about these choices.

When is it used?

If the doctor suspects a problem involving your lymphatic system, he or she may do a lymphangiogram to show the extent of involvement.

How do I prepare for a lymphangiogram?

Follow your doctor's instructions.

What happens during the procedure?

The doctor injects a small amount of blue dye under your skin. The dye spreads into the narrow lymph vessel and makes it visible. The doctor then punctures the lymph vessel with a thin needle and slowly injects an iodine solution into the vessel. After the solution is injected into the vessel, it spreads, making the lymph nodes visible to x-rays. An x-ray can then be taken of the lymph nodes.

What happens after the procedure?

You can leave after the x-rays have been taken. You will have a small bandage over the injection site.

You should ask your doctor what other steps you should take and when you should come back for a checkup.

What are the benefits of this procedure?

This procedure may give helpful information about your lymphatic system.

What are the risks associated with this procedure?

• Your skin may turn a light shade of blue or green for a few days as a result of the blue dye.

• You may have an allergic reaction to the iodine in the solution. It is important to tell the radiologist before the procedure if you have had any reaction to iodine- containing chemicals in the past (for example, contrast media used in a medical test, cough syrup, and/or seafood).

• There may be inflammation or an infection at the site of the injection.

• You may have kidney problems from the iodine in the solution.

People who have severe lung disease probably should not have a lymphangiogram.

When should I call the doctor?

Call the doctor immediately if you develop a rash.

Call the doctor during office hours if:

• You have questions about the procedure or its result.

• You want to make another appointment.