What is a liver biopsy?

A liver biopsy is a procedure in which the doctor removes a sample of liver tissue for examination under a microscope.

When is it used?

This procedure is used to test for liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatitis, and tumors. It is also used to check the progress of treatment in diseases such as chronic hepatitis.

How do I prepare for a liver biopsy?

Plan for your care and recovery after the procedure. Allow for time to rest and try to find other people to help you with your day-to-day duties.

Follow any instructions your doctor gives you. Your doctor may want you to stop taking any medicine that may interfere with blood-clotting, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, before the biopsy.

What happens during the procedure?

A liver biopsy is done using local anesthesia. The local anesthesia numbs the area around the lower ribs on the right side of the body.

While you lie down and hold your breath, the doctor makes a small incision and inserts a thin needle into your liver. A sample of liver tissue is removed and examined under a microscope in a lab.

Sometimes the procedure is done during abdominal surgery under general anesthesia.

What happens after the procedure?

After the biopsy, you may need to lie on your right side for 2 hours and then on your back for the next 22 hours. Your blood pressure, pulse, and breathing are monitored to watch for bleeding complications.

Ask your doctor what steps you should take and when you should come back for a checkup.

What are the benefits of this procedure?

This procedure is very helpful because it helps the doctor diagnose your problem.

What are the risks associated with this procedure?

The local anesthesia may not numb the area quite enough and you may feel some minor discomfort. Also, in rare cases, you may have an allergic reaction to the drug used in this type of anesthesia. Internal bleeding may occur. Also there is a risk that the area where the needle was inserted will become infected.

You should ask your doctor how these risks apply to you.

When should I call the doctor?

Call the doctor immediately if:

• You develop a fever.

• You have any change or worsening of pain or symptoms.

• There is any unusual drainage from the biopsy area (including bloody drainage).

Call the doctor during office hours if:

• You have questions about the procedure or its result.

• You want to make another appointment.